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On this site, we discuss issues related to the practical aspects of Gemology science. The information includes knowledge concerning gemological raw materials, natural or synthetic gemstones, methods and equipment for gemstone identification and grading, treatment, types of composite materials, deposits, and news.

This information supports students, appraisers, jewelers, dealers, pawnbrokers, insurers, hobbyists, and collectors of minerals in their hobby or professional activity.

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Early mining and metallurgy in the Eastern part of the Srednogorian metallogenic zone. Metallurgical by-products from copper extraction (copper slags) found in the archaeological sites in Burgas and Yambol ore regions (phase chemical and structural characteristics)

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